How to use docker on macOS?

Here is what I learned from the official Docker documentation: Get Started.

Docker basics

1. install "Docker for Mac"

2. verify your installation

docker version
docker info
docker ps # list running containers
docker run hello-world
docker ps -a # list all containers

3. run image "whalesay"

docker run docker/cowsay cowsay boo
docker ps -a
docker images

4. build your own image "docker-whale"

a. write a Dockerfile

mkdir mydockerbuild
cd mydockerbuild

vi Dockerfile
FROM docker/whalesay:latest
# this is important if you are behind a proxy
RUN echo 'Acquire::http::Proxy "http://proxy-addr:proxy-port";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy
RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y fortunes
CMD /usr/games/fortune -a | cowsay

b. build a image from the Dockerfile

docker build -t docker-whale .

c. run the image

docker images
docker run docker-whale

5. tag, push and pull image

a. tag

docker images # get the id of the image that you want to tag
docker tag <image-id> feici02/docker-whale:latest
docker images

Note: feici02 is my Docker Hub ID.

b. push

docker login
# push the image to Docker Hub
docker push feici02/docker-whale

c. pull

docker images
docker rmi <images-id> # delete above image
# pull the image from Docker Hub
docker run feici02/docker-whale # it will be downloaded automatically

other useful commands

# delete all containers
docker rm $(docker ps -aq)